Whiplash involves rigidity and pain in the neck after an injury where the neck is abruptly moved or stretched beyond its normal range. This occurs if the head is suddenly driven backwards or forward and snapped in the other direction.
This kind of movement often occurs when a vehicle is struck from behind. In uncommon instances, it can occur from a fall, sports injury or vigorously shaken. The movement results to stretching or tearing of the muscles and ligaments in the neck and can even damage the nerves. In rare cases, broken bones can occur.
What are the indications?
The indications of whiplash include pain and rigidity in the neck and oftentimes in the muscles in the chest, head, arms and shoulders. Other symptoms include dizziness, headache and back pain.
The individual will not have any symptoms until a day after the injury. In some cases, the symptoms might settle but return a few days later.
A serious injury is possible if the following are present:
- Pain radiating in one or both arms
- Intense neck pain
- Pain that recurs after vanishing for a few days
- Difficulty or inability to move the head
- Tingling or numbness in the arms, hands, legs or chest
- Weakness in the hands, legs or arms
Management
Most cases of whiplash improve with treatment at home such as the following:
- An over-the-counter pain medication such as acetaminophen or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as ibuprofen can be given. The doctor might prescribe pain medications and muscle relaxants to ease constant or intense pain.
- Utilize a heating pad for 15-20 minutes every 2-3 hours. The individual can also try a warm shower as an alternative.
- Apply an ice pack for 10-15 minutes every 2-3 hours.
- The individual must avoid engaging in activities involving lifting and sports that worsen the pain and rigidity.
- Utilize a specialized pillow or towel that is rolled up below the neck while sleeping.
- A soft foam collar can be worn to support the neck for brief periods of time.
- Resume normal activity as soon as possible.
Remember that it usually takes up to 3 months for the neck to recuperate, even though the pain has settled in less time. Severe cases might take more time but eventually improves within 6-12 months.
More Information / Disclaimer
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