Brucellosis is a bacterial infection that can be acquired from animals. It can trigger long-standing symptoms the same as the flu. The disease is considered uncommon in developed countries. It is important to note though that brucellosis is still an issue in some countries. The condition spreads from animals to humans in different parts of the globe.
How does it spread?
Humans can become infected with brucellosis in one of the following ways:
- Consumption of unpasteurized milk or other dairy products from infected animals
- Breathing in dust in farms that house infected animals
- Direct contact with cultures in veterinary or medical laboratories
- Direct contact with infected surfaces or animals
Remember that these symptoms are likely to last for a long time and make the individual sick but most can recover fully after treatment.
What are the indications?
Brucellosis does not always trigger symptoms and the infection might last for several months without being aware of it.
In some individuals, the symptoms might arise abruptly while in some, the symptoms arise in a gradual manner or even persistent or recurrent which lasts for years.
The usual indications include the following:
- Fever
- Headache
- Sweating
- Appetite loss and weight loss
- Joint and back pain
- Fatigue
Remember that these symptoms are likely to last for a long time and make the individual sick but most can recover fully after treatment.
Brucellosis is rarely deadly among humans but some cases can progress to dangerous complications such as endocarditis and meningitis especially if left untreated.
Management of brucellosis
Brucellosis is generally diagnosed with a blood sample that is analyzed in a laboratory. The sample is verified for the antibodies against the responsible bacteria.
The infection is managed with a mixture of 2 or more antibiotics such doxycycline with rifampicin or gentamycin. The course should be taken for at least 6 weeks.