Acetone poisoning arises if the level of acetone in the body is more than what the liver can break down.
It is important to note that acetone is a clear fluid that has a scent like nail polish remover. If exposed to the air, it rapidly evaporates and highly flammable. Take note that it is hazardous to use when near open sources of fire.
What are the potential causes?
The body degrades down fats into organic molecules known as ketones. It is important to note that acetone is included in the 3 main forms of ketone bodies. The liver produces ketones that the body utilizes for fuel. Nevertheless, the buildup of ketones in the body is considered unsafe. Poisoning can manifest if there is an irregularly elevated level of ketones which is called ketoacidosis.
Individuals diagnosed with type 1 or 2 diabetes might develop ketoacidosis if the glucose levels are not correctly regulated.
Being starved for an extended period can also lead to ketoacidosis. In such cases, the body depletes the store of carbohydrates and starts to break down the stored fats into ketones.
Other potential causes of poisoning include:
- Ingestion of nail polish remover
- Drinking rubbing alcohol to achieve its intoxicating effect
- Unintentionally drinking cleaning liquids that include acetone
- Prolonged exposure to specific paints in poorly ventilated areas
What are the signs?
Acetone poisoning is considered rare. Take note that the body naturally breaks down large amounts of acetone. For overexposure to occur, the individual should inhale or ingest large amounts in a short span of time.
The mild signs of acetone poisoning include:
- Slurred speech
- Headache
- Sweet taste in the mouth
- Lethargy
- Poor coordination
The severe symptoms which are rare might include:
- Low blood pressure
- Coma
- Deep stupor
Always bear in mind that acetone poisoning can be dangerous.
More Information / Disclaimer
The information posted on this page on acetone poisoning is for learning purposes only. Learn to recognize the indications by taking a standard first aid course with Ottawa First Aid.