It is a known fact that chemicals are available in different forms – liquid, gas and powder. Various kinds of chemicals are utilized in the workplace, especially in the manufacturing and processing industry. Understandably, proper safety procedures must be strictly observed since these chemicals can cause significant adverse effects. The degree of damage sustained by an individual depends on the length of exposure to a particular chemical. Take note that there are different parts of the body that are affected by exposure to chemicals.
Integumentary system
The integumentary system is comprised of the largest organ in the body – the skin. If the skin is exposed to chemicals, it would result to chemical damage. This is why it is important to utilize protective equipment to prevent any exposure on any part of the body. Once the skin is damaged, it causes redness, peeling of the skin or various degrees of burns. The moment a particular chemical comes in contact with the skin, the first aid care involves washing the affected area for at least 15 minutes using water. You should also remove any clothing on the area. Call for emergency assistance so that follow-up medical care can be provided.
Respiratory system
If the individual inhales gaseous chemicals, it will cause harm to the trachea and lungs. Minor damage results to irritation such as coughing and discomfort that typically resolves once exposed to fresh air. Extended exposure will worsen the damage, progressing to chest pain, difficulty breathing, pulmonary edema and even death. It is important to call for emergency assistance for symptoms beyond mere irritation. Due to the effects of gaseous chemicals, they must be used only in properly ventilated areas.
Digestive system
The digestive tract which includes the throat, esophagus, stomach and the intestines can be damaged if chemicals are ingested. Burns can occur in the mouth and throughout the digestive tract. The pain can be severe and can cause diarrhea and vomiting. Always remember that this is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical care. The individual must not be given anything to eat or drink after a particular chemical has been ingested.
Visual system
Exposure to corrosive chemicals can cause serious damage to the eyes. Once exposed minimally, it can cause pain, redness and tearing. As for extensive exposure, it can cause blindness. You have to quickly flush the eyes using water for at least 15 minutes. Keep the eyes open and instruct the individual to look in different directions so that all the eye surfaces are properly cleaned. It is best to seek medical care if the eye has been exposed to chemicals in order to prevent further damage.
Proper safety measures must be observed in the workplace especially if corrosive chemicals are being handled. Even at home, some household chemicals can cause irritation if exposed to bare skin. When it comes to chemicals, proper care must be observed at all times.