Threadworms or pinworms are small-sized parasitic worms that infect the large intestine of humans. This is a common form of worm infection among children below 10 years of age.
The worms are white and appear as tiny strands of thread. These are usually noticed around the bottom of the child or in their poo. They do not always trigger any symptoms but the individual often experiences itchiness around the bottom or vagina. In addition, it is worse at night time and can disrupt with sleep.
When to consult a doctor
If a child is suspected with threadworms, the infection can be treated at home with medication available over-the-counter.
A doctor should be consulted if threadworms is suspected and if breastfeeding or pregnant or if a child is below 2 years old. In such cases, the suggested treatment is different.
Management of threadworms
If an adult or child has threadworms, everyone in the household requires treatment due to the high risk for the infection to spread. This also includes those who do not have any indications of an infection.
Generally, the treatment involves a single dose of mebendazole to eliminate the worms. If needed, another dose is given after 2 weeks.
During treatment and after a few weeks, it might be required to follow strict hygienic measures to prevent the spread of the threadworm eggs. This involves regular vacuuming of the house and thorough washing of the kitchen and bathroom.
For those who are breastfeeding or pregnant, proper hygienic measures are recommended without requiring medications. This is often the case among young children.
Prevention
It is not always possible to prevent infection due to threadworms, but you can drastically lower the risk by observing proper hygiene and urging children to do the same.
Children must wash hands regularly especially after using the toilet and before eating. Bathroom and kitchen surfaces must be kept clean.
Once a child is infected, encourage not to scratch the affected site around the vagina or anus to prevent reinfection as well as lower the risk for the spread of infection to others.