Overuse of analgesics is one of the main causes of rebound headaches. It is important to note that once an occasional headache arises, most use an over-the-counter analgesic such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin or any pain-relief medication that contains caffeine. Even though the over-the-counter analgesics can relieve the pain, they must be taken as instructed or can worsen the headaches.
Overusing or misusing analgesics or not following the instructions by the doctor can lead to a “rebound” into another headache.
Once the effect of the pain medication wears out, a withdrawal reaction occurs which prompts the individual to take more drugs. This results to another headache and the desire to use more medication. The cycle continues until the individual suffers from chronic daily headaches with more frequent episodes and intense pain.
What are the responsible analgesics?
Several widely-used immediate-relief drugs that are used in large amounts are known to trigger rebound headaches.
The usual culprits include the following:
- Sinus-relief drugs
- Aspirin
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as naproxen and ibuprofen
- Acetaminophen
- Over-the-counter combination headache remedies that include caffeine
- Sedatives for sleep
- Codeine and prescription narcotics
Other medications that are typically linked with rebound headaches include ergotamine preparations, butalbital combination analgesics and triptans.
Management of rebound headaches
Rebound headaches are considered as a progressive syndrome in which it continues to worsen until proper treatment is started. It is vital to determine what is occurring and seek medical care from a doctor.
Generally, stopping the medication or steadily reducing the dose along with careful administration of abortive or preventive medications can result to an easily controlled headache. The individual is requested to note down the symptoms particularly the frequency and length of the episodes.