Asbestosis develops if an individual is constantly exposed to asbestos. It is important to note that asbestos is a naturally-occurring substance utilized as an insulation material. Being exposed to asbestos can occur in various occupations.
The inhalation of significant amount of asbestos dust or fibers over an extended time can damage and scar the tissues in the lungs which causes difficulty breathing.
How does it affect the body?
The inhaled asbestos dust and fibers are trapped within the lungs. The lung failed in getting rid of the asbestos via the immune system, thus resulting to damage and formation of scar tissue.
Asbestosis slowly develops and might not be evident until 20 years after exposure. Other health issues that might arise that are linked to asbestos exposure include the following:
- Thickening and hardening of the lung lining
- Fluid around the lung
- Malignant mesothelioma
Those who smoke are also at high risk for developing lung cancer. The severity of asbestosis depends on the length of exposure and amount inhaled.
Oftentimes, the symptoms are mild and the individual might be diagnosed only with a chest X-ray. Nevertheless, breathing might become difficult over time as asbestosis progresses. Over time, the individual might require supplemental oxygen to help with breathing. In some cases, it can lead to heart and lung failure and even death.
Signs and symptoms
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Persistent dry cough
- Appetite loss with ensuing weight loss
- Crackling, dry sound in the lungs while inhaling
- Rounder and wider than normal fingertips and toes
Management
The damage brought about by asbestosis is considered irreversible. There are certain steps to take to slow down the progression though, especially preventing further exposure to asbestos and to quit smoking.
There are also treatment measures that the doctor will suggest to ease breathing and maintain general lung health.
- Among smokers, certain medications are prescribed to help them quit or alleviate symptoms related to lung issues brought about by cigarette use.
- Vaccines for flu and pneumonia could not treat asbestosis but highly recommended for those with lung disease
- Those who have diminished oxygen levels are given oxygen therapy via a mask
- Pulmonary rehabilitation involves exercises designed to help an individual with a chronic lung condition