Eczema is a form of skin condition that affects millions of individuals globally. Scalp eczema is characterized by itchiness, redness, irritation, flaky dandruff and scaly dry patches.
In severe instances, there is pain from the lesions and sores as well as spots filled with spots due to the secondary infections brought about by scratching. Luckily, there are various medications available that can be utilized to manage the condition such as medicated shampoos and corticosteroids.
Topical steroids
Topical corticosteroids are used to manage scalp eczema. These drugs are available in various strengths varying from low to high potency.
The commonly used over-the-counter hydrocortisone ointments or creams are used for cases that involve mild scalp irritation and rashes. They are available in 0.5% or 1% potency. The mid-potency and high-potency steroids are usually prescribed by the doctor.
Systemic corticosteroids
Systemic corticosteroids are given orally or as injectables. These medications provide immediate effects once they enter the bloodstream and only given for severe cases of scalp eczema where there are indications of secondary infections.
Due to their side effects and long-term complications, the use of systemic steroids is strictly supervised.
Non-steroid immunosuppressants
There are 2 variants of non-steroid immunosuppressants that are used in managing scalp eczema, specifically tacrolimus and pimecrolimus for mild to severe cases.
These drugs work by interfering and inhibiting the natural inflammatory reactions in the body.
Medicated shampoos and lotions for scalp eczema
The over-the-counter medicated shampoos or lotions can be used in treating mild cases of scalp eczema.
These shampoos include a variety of active ingredients such as salicylic acid or tar. Other ingredients such as ciclopirox, selenium, ketoconazole or zinc are also effective in managing the condition.
Regular washing of the hair and scalp using medicated shampoos can help in reducing the irritation and itchiness.