Dysentery is defined as an infection of the intestines which causes diarrhea that contains mucus or blood.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccst541t0H4
Other signs of dysentery include the following:
- Nausea and/or vomiting
- Stomach cramps
- Fever of 38 degrees F or higher
It is important to note that dysentery is highly contagious and can easily spread if the right precautions were not observed such as regular washing of hands.
Management of dysentery
Since dysentery settles on its own after 3-7 days, treatment is not usually required. Nevertheless, it is vital to increase the intake of fluids and provide an oral rehydration solution if needed to avoid dehydration.
Over-the-counter pain medications such as paracetamol can be given to lessen the fever and discomfort.
The individual should remain at home at least 48 hours after the last episode of diarrhea to lower the risk of spreading the infection to others.
When to consult a doctor
It is not always needed to consult a doctor for dysentery since it settles within a week or so. Nevertheless, a doctor must be seen if the symptoms become severe or do not seem to improve after a few days.
In case the symptoms are persistent or severe, the doctor might prescribe a brief course of antibiotics. If dysentery is severe, hospitalization for a few days is necessary.
Preventive measures
The risk for acquiring dysentery include the following:
- Wash hands with warm water and soap after using the toilet and regularly throughout the day.
- Wash hands before handling, eating or cooking food
- Avoid sharing towels with others
- Wash laundry of an infected individual using the hottest setting
If travelling to a country with a high risk for acquiring dysentery, the following must be observed:
- Avoid drinking the local water unless certain it is clean or sterile. Drink bottled water or beverages in sealed bottles or cans.
- In case water is not sterile, it must be boiled for several minutes or utilize a chemical disinfectant or reliable filter.
- Do not clean or brush your teeth using tap water
- Do not add ice in your beverages since it might be prepared using unclean water
- Avoid any fresh fruits or vegetables that could not be peeled before eating