A bunion is considered as an abnormal, bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe. The bunion causes the big toe to crowd against both toes in which the big toe enlarges and causes pain. Wearing tight shoes, medical conditions and inherited structural defects can lead to the formation of bunions. The doctor will initially carry out conservative treatment options with an emphasis on minimizing the symptoms. As a last resort, surgery might be required in severe cases. The individual must schedule an appointment with a doctor if he/she notices the symptoms of a bunion.
Symptoms of bunions
It is important that you are familiar with the symptoms of bunions so that the appropriate measures can be provided right away.
Pain
Individuals who have bunions often experience pain. Those who use constricted shoes can trigger pain along the exterior side of the big toe joint. Additionally, the individual can experience pain while walking as the bunion enlarges. The pain caused by a bunion can range from mild to severe. As the condition worsens, the individual will start to experience pain in other toes as well. The individual might decide to consult a doctor once the pain is persistent and finding shoes that properly fit can be difficult. Orthotics or medications are usually prescribed to relieve the pain. Surgery might be required if the conservative measure to do effectively relieve the pain.
Swelling
Once an individual has a bunion, the joint in the big toe can become enlarged, sore and red. This can occur since the unusual bony development affects the tissues in the big toe joint which can lead to tenderness and swelling. Even medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can relieve the swelling. Additionally, you can apply ice to the affected bunion once there is swelling. You can learn more about the effectiveness of ice by enrolling in a first aid course. Lastly, elevate the bunion above the level of the heart while the individual sleeps so that the gravity will pull the fluid out of the big toe joint which will reduce the swelling. The individual must consult a doctor if the swelling persists.
Calluses
In some cases, the bunions can cause the first and second toes to overlap. This results to the formation of corns or calluses in areas where theses toes overlap. The formation of corns or calluses is another indication that a bunion is worsening and would require immediate medical treatment. Additionally, the extra skin can also become painful as it thickens. With this in mind, the individual must seek immediate medical care for proper bunion treatment.
If bunions are left to progress without any treatment, it can lead to deformity that can affect the ability of the individual to engage in physical activities.