Adhesive capsulitis is often confused with frozen shoulder. When it comes to frozen shoulder, it is a universal term for a shoulder that is rigid. As for adhesive capsulitis, it is a definite term for natural, steady start of shoulder pain and stiffness due to constriction of the joint capsule. In most cases, it can be difficult to distinguish a frozen shoulder from adhesive capsulitis which often results to confusion.
An individual with this condition experiences pain and stiffness or loss of motion in the shoulder. This condition typically affects individuals between 40-60 years old and more common in women. Take note that this is not connected in any way to arm dominance or profession.
Causes
Adhesive capsulitis develops once the area surrounding the shoulder joint becomes dense and contracts. Nevertheless, the reason why the condition develops is still not entirely grasped. Oftentimes, it develops after the shoulder has been immobilized for a period of time.
This condition is quite common among those who have diabetes and affects 10-20% of diabetics. The increased risk for the condition is also associated to the following:
- Hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
- Parkinson’s disease
- Cardiac disease or surgery
Symptoms of adhesive capsulitis
Generally, there is an aching or dull pain in the exterior shoulder region. Oftentimes, the pain manifests in the upper arm. The typical symptom of frozen shoulder is diminished motion or stiffness.
Diagnosis
The condition is diagnosed after the doctor assesses the affected shoulder based on the symptoms present. In some circumstances, an X-ray or MRI is required to rule out other possible causes of the stiffness and pain in the shoulder.
Treatment
Several treatment options are available for this condition. Even if the condition typically subsides on its own, complete recovery might take 2-3 years. The conservative treatment includes application of heat, physical therapy, corticosteroid injections and anti-inflammatory medications.
In some cases, surgery might be recommended for individuals who have no improvement in the symptoms after conservative treatments were started. When it comes to the surgical approach, the objective is to release the contracted joint capsule of the shoulder.
In one surgical procedure, it involves the manipulation of the shoulder while the individual is under anesthesia. During the procedure, the surgeon forcefully moves the shoulder and causes the joint capsule of the shoulder to stretch or tear. Another surgical approach is arthroscopic surgery which involves the creation of several small-sized incisions around the shoulder. A miniature camera is inserted via the incisions and an accompanying instrument slices through the tight areas of the joint capsule, thus allowing the shoulder to move. In some cases, both types of surgical procedures are often utilized in order to achieve the best results.