Second-degree burns affect the epidermis and portion of the dermis. The site appears inflamed, blistered and can be even be swollen and tender. Second-degree burns usually require home care. This ensures that the burn properly heals and prevent other complications.
How to care for second-degree burns
Rinsing the burn
Rinse the burn site using cool water until the pain is reduced. Take note that rinsing usually stops the pain within 15-30 minutes. The cool water lowers down the temperature of the skin and stops the burn from become worse.
- Place the hands, arms, fingers, legs, feet or toes in a tub of cool water.
- Apply a cool compress on second-degree burns on the body or face. Avoid using ice or ice water since they can cause tissue damage.
- Remove any jewelry or clothing that might be in the way or can become too tight if the skin starts to swell.
Cleaning the burn
- Before cleaning the burn, you should wash your hands. Avoid touching the burn site with your hands or anything dirty since open blisters are at high risk for infection.
- Avoid breaking any blisters.
- Carefully wash the site using clean water. Some of the burned skin might detach while washing. Pat dry using gauze or a clean cloth.
- Avoid any sprays or placing butter on the burn since they only trap the heat within.
Bandaging
If the burning skin or blisters are not open, a bandage is not usually required. In case the skin or blister might become dirty or irritated by clothing, place a bandage.
For broken skin or blisters, apply a clean bandage if it is soiled to reduce the risk for infection. If the bandage adhered to the site, soak in warm water for easier removal. If on-hand, utilize a non-adhesive dressing.
Wrap the burn site loosely to avoid any pressure on the burned skin.
For second-degree burns on the arm or leg, the limb must be elevated as much as possible during the initial 24-48 hours to reduce the swelling. It is recommended to move the affected arm or leg normally to prevent the skin from healing too tightly which can limit movement.
More Information / Disclaimer
The information posted on this page on second-degree burns is for learning purposes only. Learn to recognize and manage second-degree burns by taking a standard first aid course with Ottawa First Aid.