Common cold is defined as a communicable upper respiratory infection brought about by a virus. Remember that various viruses can cause colds.
How does it spread?
Common cold can spread from one individual to another via direct exposure or inhaling droplets that contain the cold virus. These viruses must reach the mucous membrane or moist lining of the eyes, nostrils or mouth for an infection to start.
An individual with the cold might have particles of the cold virus on them. Various surfaces might also harbor these particles. If one touches an infected individual or surfaces and then touches his/her nose, eyes or mouth, he/she is likely to acquire the common cold.
What are the indications?
- Sneezing
- Runny nose
- Sore throat
- Cough
- Nasal congestion
- Headache
- Fever especially among children
These symptoms typically arise 1-3 days after being infected and typically settle within 7-10 days.
Management of common cold
There is no available cure for common cold but adequate rest is the ideal way to rapidly recover. A doctor must be consulted first before giving any drug to a child.
Over-the-counter cold medications can alleviate the symptoms of common cold. Nevertheless, the benefits are few.
Increase the intake of fluids to keep the throat and nose moist and loosen mucus. Avoid caffeine and alcohol since they have a drying effect.