Salmonella food poisoning is caused by a group of Salmonella bacteria. These bacteria are present in the intestines of both animals and humans. An individual becomes infected if food or water that has been contaminated was ingested.
The condition is prevalent among individuals below 20 years of age. It is likely to occur during the summer season since the Salmonella bacterium thrives well in warm weather.
Possible causes
Consumption of foods or beverages that has been contaminated by certain strains of the Salmonella bacteria can lead to salmonella food poisoning. One can become infected after eating raw foods or products handled by others.
The bacteria often spread if not washing hands properly after using the toilet. It can also spread when handling pets especially birds and reptiles.
The Salmonella bacteria can be killed via cooking or pasteurization. Always bear in mind that one is at risk if consuming raw, poorly cooked or unpasteurized products.
Indications of salmonella food poisoning
The indications of salmonella food poisoning often manifest rapidly, usually in 8-12 hours after consumption of contaminated food or water. In some cases, the symptoms might be aggressive and can last for up to 48 hours.
The usual symptoms during the acute phase include:
- Chills
- Abdominal pain, tenderness or cramping
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Fever
- Muscle pain
- Vomiting
- Blood-streaked stool
- Indications of dehydration
Dehydration due to diarrhea is a serious issue especially among infants and children.
Management
The main treatment for salmonella food poisoning is replacing the fluids and electrolytes lost from diarrhea. Adults must drink water or suck on ice cubes. Rehydration drinks are usually given for children.
The diet should be modified to include only easily digested foods such as bananas, rice, applesauce and toast. Avoid dairy products and get enough rest to allow the body to fight the infection.
In case nausea prevents the individual from drinking liquids, a doctor should be consulted since intravenous fluids might be given.
Disclaimer / More Information
The information posted on this page on salmonella food poisoning is for learning and educational purposes only. To learn to recognize the indications and how it is treated, register for first aid training at one of our training centers located throughout Canada. The training centers are in Edmonton, Calgary, Vancouver, Kelowna, Saskatoon, Victoria, Surrey, Mississauga, Winnipeg, Red Deer, Toronto, Ottawa and Halifax.