A callus is defined as the buildup of hardened skin and typically found under the weight-bearing surfaces on the base of the foot. Some degree of formation on the sole of the foot of an active individual is considered normal and does not trigger any issues.
The formation of callus can also form around the sides of the heels that leads to fissures which can result to foot pain.
What is the cause?
A callus is typically caused by the uneven weight distribution, usually on the base of the forefoot or heel that results to the accumulation of hardened skin.
The calluses can be brought about by using poorly-fitting shoes and even an anomaly of the skin in rare cases which results to the buildup of callus tissue. Once they thicken, they can become painful.
How is a callus managed?
Wearing good-fitting, supportive footwear with shock-absorbing soles can lessen the pressure on the base of the foot which later results to the buildup of callus.
Individuals who have issues with calluses must avoid stiff-soled or leather-soled shoes without cushioning on the base.
Over-the-counter cushioning pads or insoles are also useful in reducing the pressure points that can lead to a sore callus. In some cases, customized insoles might be needed.
It is also vital to reduce the time spent barefoot which walking barefoot can also lead to the formation of callus.
Calluses are managed conservatively by trimming and/or scraping the buildup of hardened tissue. In some cases, the weight bearing forces is redistributed away from the site of the callus.