Ankle sprains are common injuries in sports. There are 2 types of ankle sprains that you should be familiar with.
As common injuries, it is likely to occur when stepping on an uneven terrain or while playing in certain sports.
It is important to note that a sprain might be difficult to distinguish from a fracture without an X-ray. If the individual could not bear weight after an injury or there is evident deformity or swelling, it is vital to consult a doctor for further assessment.
Acute lateral ankle sprain
This type of sprain is quite prevalent in sports. Around 85% of ankle injuries are categorized as the inversion type where the ankle turns inward. The lateral or exterior ligaments of the ankle are damaged.
Indications
- Swelling and tenderness throughout the damaged ligament
- Difficulty bearing weight due to the pain
- Discoloration of the foot area or ankle
Management
- Pain relief measures
- Rehabilitation
- Controlling the swelling by application of ice for 15 minutes at a time
- Elevate the affected foot/ankle above the level of the heart as often as needed
Prevention
- Ensure that there is adequate condition or warm-up before practice or game
- Use ankle supports if suggested by the doctor
Chronic lateral ankle sprains
This type of ankle sprain is usually the result of recurrent ankle sprains linked with frequent pain, swelling and a feeling that the ankle is about to “give out”.
Management
- RICE method (rest, ice, compression, elevation)
- Rehabilitation
- Range of motion exercises suggested by the doctor
- Proprioceptive training
Prevention
It is vital to perform proper warm-up before activity. Additionally, it is vital to recognize any chronic symptoms that might arise.
Quick Note / Disclaimer
The material posted on this page on ankle sprains is for learning and educational purposes only. To learn to recognize and manage sprains, register for a first aid and CPR course with Ottawa First Aid.